Method and apparatus for making roofing materials



3 Sheets-Shee't l E. YA-rEs ET AL Filed Oct. 26, 1929 METHOD ANDAPPARATUS FORMAKING ROOFIG MATERIALS d .A Il um n Y AQ. 7;, m. Q Q \N Lxm. 1 .Y Uu.. QN .MN 4 N` A. Y, WNWHMMWMN .wN n RX/Q a w f NN mw Nm. uw?o l :VNC a b, R4

Nov. 3, 1931.

Nov. 3; 1931A. c. E. YATEs ETAL l1,829,886

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING ROOFING MATERIALS Filed Oct. 26, 1929 3Sheets-Sheet 2 www? 64a, g1/Zinn wflf ATTORNEY y Nov. 3, 1931.

c. E. YA'rEs ETAL.

METHOD. AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING ROOFING MATERIALS s sheets-'sneer sFiled Oct. 26, 1929 im zw 50 are cut from one web resistant "tocorrosion.

'Patented Nov. 3,- 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GORPORATTON FDELAWARE CHARLES E. YATES, OF EAST RUTHERFOBD, HARRY C. MACAN,OF'RUTHEBFOBD,

NEW' JERSEY, A SSIGNORS T0 ANACONDA SALES COMPANY,

0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A

METHOD APPARATUS FOR MAKING BIOOFING MATERIALS Application led 'October26, 19729. Serial No. 402,631.

This invention relates to the manufacture of roofing material and isconcerned more particularly with apparatus for producing arooingmaterial oi the type illustrated and described in the co-pendingapplication of Shakespeare, Serial No. 348,743, Bled March 1,1929.

he material of the Shakespeare applica- 'tion is intended for useprimarily as a flashing or in valleys and it comprisesa base or web'ofthin felt or roofing paper, to one face of which is aiiiXed a band ofrelatively thin metal, such as copper or the like, which is The metalband is narrower than the web and is applied along the median linethereof. In order to strengthen the material and to prevent separation.of the base and metal by the' seepage of water` between the two,additional strips of the' basa material are aiixed to the mai'- .ginaledges of the base in such mannerv as to to a slight ex- L overlie the'edges of theband tent. A

The machine of the present invention is constructed for the manufactureof this ma -terial at a low cost and at a relatively high output rate.'In one form of this'machine, the web, the band, and the strips are'mounted i 'in the form of rolls and devices'are provided for drawing`the band and the strips separately from their supplies, applying anadhesive toone face thereof andv then allixing the band to the web andvthereafter ai'ixing the strips to the web, one on each side of theband.Suitable devices are Vprovided for maintaining the component parts ofthe material under proper tension and for guiding them soithat they areall properly positioned attheftime of their combination into thefinished product.

In a modiliedorm of the invention; the

web of base material employed is substantially wider than the finishedmaterial and strips are severed from the web along the edges thereof..These strips may be wound -on rolls and used thereafter for applicationto a web along its edges or may be advanced at the same speed as the weband coated and applied thereto. In the first case, the strips andordinarily applied to another, while in the second case, the strips areapplied to the same web' from which they are cut.

' For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had totheaccom panying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is-a view in longitudinalsection of one form of the apparatus of this invention; l Fig. 2 is asimilar 4view of a modified orm of the apparatus;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig.' 2;

Fig.y 4 is a view in side elevation of one of the parts of theapparatus;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of a` piece 'of the material beingacted on at one stage in thel operation;

Fig.' jis a sectional view illustrating the manner in which the severalparts of the finished product are assembled, and Fig. 7 is a sectionalview through the iinished product, the parts in Figs. 6 and 7 beingsomewhat out of proportion in order to illustrate the construction moreclearly..

Referring now to chine is illustrated as formed of a pair of side framemembers 10 of anyjconvenient construction.'- Near. one end of the ramemembers is an arbor 11, on which-is mounted a roll 12 of the' hase orweb which is prefer-V ably of relatively light weight felt. The web isled from this roll around a guideroller 13 which may be of felt or wood,or may, if

desired, be in the form of a cylindrical brush.

1 drical brush for' the purpose, the adherence of the felt to the rollis prevented. Beyond the guide rollthe feltpasses over a curved plate 14which places a drag on the 'felt and at the edges of the drag plate areguide plates 15which center the'felt properly for the later voperations. The feltpasses from the guide vplateI around a drivenYpressure roller 16.

The roll Aof metal band is mounted on an arbor 17 supported in suitablebrackets on the frame members 10.' This band' led from the drawings, th'ma-A Uil the roll down around a guide roll 18 and then over a curveddrag plate 19. A plate 20 pivotally supportedv at 21 and lprovided witha weight 22 at one end bears against the surface of the band as itpasses over plate 19 and places the band under substantial tension. Oneach side of the drag plate 19is a. guide plate 23 which serves as anedge guide for the band. i

The metal, after leaving the guiding and tensioning device, passes overthe surface of a coating roll 24. This roll issupported in suitablebearings at the top of a tank 25 in which there 4is a quantity of theadhesive compound. Asphalt of a suitable melting point is preferablyused for this purpose, the asphalt being maintained in fluid conditionby means vof a burner 26 which directs its flame against the bottom ofthe tank. The roll is of sufficient diameter so that it dips beneath thesurface of the asphalt and it rotates in the same direction as themoving band of metal. At one side of the tank is a doctor blade 27 whichremoves excess asphalt from the surface ofthe roll so that beyond thatpoint the roll carries a thin film of'asphalt which is applied to the`under surface of the metal band 28. Just beyond the roll is anotherdoctor blade 29.

The doctor blade 29 is illustrated more clearly in Fig. 4. This doctoris made of thin sheet metal mounted so that its lower end lies below thesurface of the asphalt so that it absorbs heat therefrom and ismaintained at a temperature suiliciently high to prevent asphalt fromadhering thereto. The upper edge of the doctor is provided with aplurality of slots 30 and lands 30 and the metal band moves over theslotted edge so that the asphalt coating on the under surface of theband is scraped therefrom except at those points where the .doctor isslotted. Beyond the doctor the under surface of the metal is coated instripes, as indicated at 3l (Fig. 5), and the asphalt in these stripesspreads out to cover the intervening spaces when the metal is applied tothe felt base. 'The doctor 219 thus insures that the correct amountofasphalt will be applied to the metal and since the lower edge of thedoctor is below the surface of the Huid asphaltin the tank and thedoctor is at a relativelyhigh temperature, any asphalt scraped from theunder surface of themetal Hows (freely down the doctor blade and returnstothe tank. The doctor blade described forms the subject matter of aco-pending application of Shakespeare, Serial No. 417,425 filed December30, 1929.

Beyond the doctor 29, the metal band passes around a pressure "roll 32,which bears against the surface of the felt moving around the drivenroll 16. The pressure roll 32 is mounted in arms 33 fast on a rod 34pivotally supported on the framework in any desired manner. Fast o n therod is an arm 35 to which is attached a weight 36. The arm is slotted at37 beyond the weight and inthe slot runs a pin 38 on an arm 39 pivotallymounted at 40 on the frame member. A handle 41 is attached to the arm 39and When the handle is raised, the movement of the pin 38 in slot 37swings arm 35 and arms 33, this causing the roll 32 to move away frolnthe surface of the roll 16. In operation, the roll 32 bears against theroll 16 under the action of the weight 36, and thc metal band passingbe'- tween the rolls 32 and 16 is brought into contact with 'the surfaceof the felt web and firmly affixed thereto by means of the adhesive andby the application of pressure.

The felt strips 42 are mounted side by side in spaced relation on anarbor 43 in arms 44 attached to the top longitudinal members of theframe 10.- Each strip is led from its roll and passes over a curved dragplate 45 which is provided with an upright guide plate '46 along oneside thereof. Attached to the guide plate is a bracket 47 in which isplvotallymounted an arm 48 provided with a roll 49 on its end. The twoarms 48 above the guide plates 45, one for each strip, are drawn towarde eh other by means of a spring 5() (Fig. 3). The rolls 49 consequentlyrun on the top surface of the felt strips at an angle to thelongitudinal aXes of the strips and act to force the strips to run inedge contact with the upright guide plates which lie between them. .Therolls consequently cooperate with the guide plates to position thestrips properly for lateroperations.

Leaving the guide plates, the strips pass over a coating roll 51 mountedfor rotation on the top of a tank 52, the roll dipping below the surfaceof the coating material, such as asphalt, containedlin the tank. Thetank is heated from beneath by means of a burner 53 and it is providedwith the doctors 54 'and 55 corresponding in construction to the doctors27 and 29, respectively. The tank 52 is mounted on lugs 56 which rest ontop of the longitudinal members of the frame 10 and attached to the tankat one end is a link 57 connected to a crank 58 mounted on a rod 59supported in bearings 60 on any convenient part of the frame. A handle61 attached to the rod 59 permits the rod to be rocked, which movementis transmitted to the tank through the links and moves the tank so thatthe coating roll 51 lies clear of the strips 42.

Beyond the doctor 55, the two strips pass beneath a weighted roll 62which forces the strips down against he surface of the felt web passingaround the roll 16. The roll 62 is mounted in the ends of a pair of arms63 pivotally mounted on a rod 64 in suitable brackets. The arms are faston the. rod and also' secured thereto is a crank 65 provided with awedge-shaped 'lug 66. This crank passes through asleeve 67 on the end ofa rod 68 pivotally mounted on a part of the frame at 69. By swinging theend of the rod 65 in a counter-clockwise direction, the sleeve 67 on arm68 will slide down rod 65 beyond a lug 66. When the crank 65 is thenreleased, the

arm 68 holds the'crank in a position such that the roll 62 is clear ofthe surface of the roll 16. Disposed above the roll 62 is a pan 69containing water and leading from the pan is a wide strip of wicking 70,the end of which rests on the upper surface of the roll Y62. Watercarried out of the pan 69 through the wicking by capillary action servesto moisten the surface of the roll 62 and prevent the adhesion of theasphalt coating on the strips to the roll.

The web, thefmetal band and the strips are combined into a single'unitby the cooperation of the rolls 16, 32, and 62, and the composite web 70is then carried along between rotary trimming knives 71, 72. Theseknives cooperate to trim the edges of the composite web and the lowerknife of each pair dips beneath the surface of water in a tank 7 3, thewater keeping the knives cool and also'preventing the adhesion ofasphalt and felt particles thereto. Beyond the knives the web passesaround a guide roll 74 and then is wound up on a suitable arbor 75 atthe end of the apparatus. v

The apparatus in the form above described serves to assemble a web offelt, a band of metal, and strips of felt'previously cut to the desiredWidth. For this cutting operation, a part of the machine may beemployed. For this purpose, a web of felt of 'the desired width ismounted on the arbor 11 and is carried around the roll 16. The rolls 32and 62 are displaced to inoperative position and the web of felt iscarried around the roll and passes to the trimming knives 71 and 72. Thepairs of knives are adjustable toward and away from each other so thatthey may be placed' to sever strips ofthe desired Width from the web offelt along the edges thereof. The wide web of felt which remains afterthe trimming operation is then rolled up on the arbor 75, while thestrips areremoved and rolled up o n another arbor ready for assembly inthe manner above-described. Duringthe operation of severing strips, thetank 52 Ais moved to inoperative position .beneath the drag plate 45.'

In some instances, it may be desirable to carry on the operations ofcuttingthe strips and assembling these strips with the web and band in acontinuous operation. 'l For this purpose, the apparatus is modified, asindi- Y web being passedthrough rotary ytrimm ng A cated in Fig. 2. Inthis form of the invention, a wide web of felt 7 6` is employed, is

knives 77 so 'as to sever strips from the edges thereof. The felt usedin making the finished product is provided with a coatingon one surface,and in the finished product the coating lies on the under surface of thematerial, as indicated at 78 (Fig. 6). The metal band 79 is applied tothe smooth surface of the felt and strips 80 are also applied to thesmooth surface of the felt with their coated surfaces uppermost. As aconsequence, all exposed surfaces of the felt are protected either bythe coating or by met-al. When the machine in Fig. 2 is employed and thestrips of felt are severed from the wide web, these strips must beturned upside down so that as the webs and strip pass through themachine, the coated surfaces are on opposite sides. Accordingly, afterthe strips have been severedA from the web by the action of the driventrimming rolls 77, they pass around a guide roll 81 and then each stripis led around a guide bar 82 mounted in suitable supports 82 at the topof the frame members 10. The strip at one side of the machine passes upover a guide bar 82 and then across the machine to another guide bar 83,the strip being twisted in its passage so that it is turned upside down.

vT he purpose of crossing the strips in their movement through theassembly devices is as follows. The wide web from which the strips arecut is likely to have ragged edges and it is desirable that in thefinished product the inner edge 84 of each strip should be clean-cut.When the strips are severed from the web, their clean-cut/edges areopposed to each other, but when the strips are turned upside down as isnecessary on account of the coating on one surfaceA thereof, the roughedges of the strip lie inward. To take care of this situation, thestrips are crossed as shown at Fig. 3 after the facereversal has takenplace, and this insures that the inner edges of the strips will be thosewhich have convenient means for holding the roll 86 clear of the roll 85whenever desired. The web passing from between the rolls 85 and 86 isled down around a guide roll 93 near` the bot-l tom of the frame andbeneath a driven brush 94 which cleans the smooth face thereof. The webthen passes down around a, guide roll 95 and up over the drag plate 14which is provided with upright side guide plates 15. The web then passesaround a roll 16 and between that roll and the weighted roll 32.

The metal band 28 is drawn from the supply roll on arbor 17, passes overthe drag plate 19 beneath the weighted tension plate 20 and then `overthe coating roll 24 with doctor blades, where it receives a coating ofadhesive on its under surface The coated metal band and web of felt arepressed together by the cooperation of rolls 16 and 32.

'49 mounted in inclined position. The two strips then pass over thecoating roll 51 with doctor blades and then beneath the roll 62 wherethe strips are aiixed to the felt web along the edges thereof at eachside of the metal band. The composite web then passes through thetrimming rolls 71 and 72 and is wound on the take-up arbor as previouslydescribed.

The apparatus is driven by the parts illustrated in Fig. 3. Mounted onthe'shaft 97 is a pulley 98 on which runs a drive belt. Theshaftcarriesapulley 99 on which runs a belt 100 leading to a pulley 101 on a shaft102. On this shaft are mounted the upper trimming knives 77 and theshaft carrles a gear 103 meshing with a similar gear 104 on the shaft ofthe lower trimming knives of each pair. Also mounted on the shaft 97 isa pulley 105 on which runs a belt 106 which also runsover a pulley 107ona shaft 108. On this shaft is mounted the roll 85 (Fig. 2). On anotherpulley 109 on the shaft 97 runs a belt 110 running over a pulley 111 ona shaft 112. On this shaft is mounted the roll 16 and the shaft alsocarries a sprocket wheel 113, on which runs a chain 114, driving asprocket wheel 115 on a shaft 116. Shaft 116 carries the upper trimmingknives 71 and is provided with a gear 117 meshing with a similar gear118 on a shaft carrying the lower trimming knives 72. Shaft 97 isprovided with a pulley 119 on which runs a belt 120 running over apulley 121 on shaft 122. On this shaft is the adhesive roll 24 and theshaft is provided with another pulley 123, on

which runsa belt 124 leading to a pulley 125 v on a shaft 126, on whichis mounted the adhesive roll 51. Y

The operation of the device will be clearly understood from thedescription above given. In the simpler form of the apparatus, the wideweb of felt is first run through the machine and the felt strips aresevered from along the edges thereof. These strips are then wound up onlan arbor to be mounted in the arms 44. The take-up arbor on which theremaining web of felt has been wound is then restored to-its originalposition in the machine. The felt web, the strips and the metal band arethen threaded between various rolls in the manner described and themachine operates to combine the web, the band, and the strips into asingle finished product. In this form of the machine, it is apparentthat a web of feltof any convenient width may be rst cut up into strips,and these strips wound up for later application to other felt webs.

The felt used is preferably ordinary asphalt felt having an asphaltcoating covered with talc or other non-stick material. If desiredgrit-surfaced felt may be used, the grit covering the entire backsurface and side edges of the web, and also covering the upper face ofeach strip in the finished product.

In the modified form of the apparatus, the formation of the strips iscarried on simultaneously with the combination of the web, band, andstrips into the finalproduct. By the devices provided, the strips arevreversed vboth as to horizontal position and turned upsurface of theweb, and progressively affix-- ing to the web along its edges stripssimilar to those severed therefrom.

2. A method of making a building product, which comprises moving a webendwise, cutting strips therefrom along its edges, winding said stripsinto rolls, progressively affixing a metal band to the surface of theweb, and drawing E strips from rolls thereof and progressively a'ixingthem to the web one along each side thereof and partially overlying saidband.

3. A method of making a building product, which comprises moving a'webendwise, cutting strips therefrom along its edges, affixing a band ofmetal to the,web, advancing said strips at thesame speed as said web andin such movement reversing the strips face for face and crossing thestrips to reverse their positions relativeto the web, and afixing thestrips to the web one along each edge thereof.

4. Apparatus for producing a building product, which comprises means fordrawing a web, a band of metal, and a pair of spaced stripssimultaneously from supplies thereof and pressing them into face-to-facecontact, means for applying adhesive to the face of the band which is toengage the web prior to said contact, and means for applying adhesive toone face of' each of said strips prior to said contact.

-5. Apparatus for producing a material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for moving a web endwise, means forprogressively aiixing a edge of theweb.

band of metal narrower than the web to one face thereof along the medianline of the web, and means for aiiixing a pair of strips to the sameface of the web, one strip along each edge'of the web.

6. Apparatus for producing a -material suitable for buildingand ot 1erpurposes which comprises means for moving a web endwise, means foradvancing a band of metal and applyingan adhesive to one face thereof,means for afiixing the coated band to one face of the web along themedian line thereof, and means for aiixing a pair of strips to the sameface of the web, one strip along each edge of the web.

7. Apparatus for producing a material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for applying adhesive to one face of alband of metal, means for aifixing the band to one face of amoving webalong the median line thereof, means for applying adhesive to one faceof each of a pair of strips, and means for aiiixing the strips to saidface of the web, one strip along each 8. Apparatus for producing a'material suitable for building and other purposes which comprises meansfor drawing a web, a band of metal, and a pair of spaced stripssimultaneously from supplies thereof and pressing them into face-to-facecontact, means for applying adhesive to the' face of the band which isto engagey said web prior to said contact, means for applying adhesiveto l one face of' each of said strips prior to said contact, and meansfor maintaining said strips with their adjacentl edges a selecteddistance apart to space said strips relative to said web.

9. Apparatus for producing a material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for coating one face of a band of metalwith an adhesive, means for. applying adhesive to one face of each of apair of strips, means for advancing a web,

said band and said strips and pressing them linto face-to-'face contactwith the adhesive between, separate means for tensioning said web andband, and means for tensioning said strips and maintaining them'withtheir adjacent edges in fixed relation during their advance.

10. Apparatus for producing a material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for coating one face of a band of metalwith an adhesive, means for applying adhesive to one face of each of apair of strips,.means for advancing a web, said band and said strips andpressing them into face-to-face contact with the adhesive v between, andmeans for guiding and tensionthereof and forcing said strip into edgecontact with its ide plate.

11.1Appara us for producing a material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for coating one face of a band of metalwith an adhesive, means for applying adhesive to one face of each-of apair of strips,.means for advancing a. web, said band and said stripsand pressin them into face-to-face contact with the a between, and meansfor tensioning said strips and guiding them in spaced relation includinga drag and guide plate for each strip, said guide plates lying betweenthe strips, and means engaging 011e surface of each strip and forcing itinto edge Contact with its guide plate.

12. Apparatus for producing a. material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for coating one face.

of a band of metal with an adhesive, means for applying adhesive to oneface of each of a pair of strips, means for advancing a web, said bandand said strips and pressing them into face-to-face contact with theadhesive between, and means for guiding said strips side by side inspaced relation including a pair of guide plates between the strips anda rotating element bearing on the surface of each strip and forcing thestrip into edge contact with its guide plate.

13. Apparatus forproducing a. material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for coating one face of a metal band withadhesive including a -coating roller contacting with the band andapplying adhesive thereto and a doctor for limiting. the coating toyspaced lines on the band, means for coating one face of each of a pairof strips disposed side by side in spaced relation, means for guidingsaid strips, and means for advancing a web, said coated band and coatedstrips and pressing them into face-to-face contact'with the stripsengaging said web one at each side of said band.

14. Apparatus for producing a material suitable for building and otherpurposes which comprises means for tensioning and guiding a metal bandincluding a. drag plate .and a presser member forcing the band againstthe drag plate, means for coating one surface of said band with anadhesive, means for advancing a web, said band, and a pair of strips andpressing them into face-to-face contact, and means for maintaining saidstrips in spaced relation vside by side during their advance.

15. Apparatus for producing a material suitable for building and` -otherpurposes which comprises means for coating one sur face of a metal bandwith an adheslve, means for tensioning and guiding a pair of strips sideby side in spaced relation including a pair of guide plates between thestrips and a roller engaging each strip at an angle to its longitudinalaXis and forcing it into edge cont-act with its guide plate, means forcoating one face of each of the strips with an adat each side-of theband. v

16. Apparatus of the type described comv prising the combination ofmeans for guiding and tensioning a band, means for applying adhesive toone face of the band, means vfor pressing the band into face contactwith an advancing web, means for tensioning and guiding a pair of stripsside by side in spaced relation, means for applying an adhesive to oneface of each of said' strips, and means for pressing the strips intoface contact with said webvwith one strip at e'acli side of said band.

17. Apparatus of the type described comprising the combination of meansfor guiding and tensioning a band, means for applying adhesive to oneface of the band, means for pressing the band into face Contact with anadvancing web, means for tensioning and guiding a pair of strips side byside in spaced relation,`means for applying an adhesive to one face of4each-of said strips, means for pressing the strips into face contactwith said web with one strip at each 'side of said band, and means fortrimming the edges of said web andstrips.-

18. In apparatus of the type described, the combination of means forseverin a strip from each edge of an advancing we means for crossingsaid strips and turning them upside down, means for guiding saidstrips-side by side in spaced relation, means for applying adhesive 'toone surface ,of each of ,saidl strips, and means for pressing saidstrips intoface contact with said web, one along each edge thereof. I19. In apparatus of the type described,` the combination of means forsevering a strip from each edge of an advancing web, means for crossingsaid strips and turning them upsidedown, means for guiding said stripsside by side in spaced relation, means for applymg adhesive to onesurface of each of said stri s, means for aiiixin a band of metal t0 saiweb along the medlan line thereof, and means for aixing said strips tothe web one on each side of said band. l

20. In apparatus of the type described, the combination of means foradvancing a web, means for severing a strip from each edge thereof,means for turning said strips upside down and crossing them, means forguiding. said strips side by side in spaced relation,

" means for aiiixing a band to said web along the median line of saidweb, and means-for aixing said strips to said web, onealong each sidethereof.

thereof,`means for aixing a band ofmetal to'said advancing web, andmeans for drawing strips from rolls thereof and aiiXing said strips tosaid web one along each edge thereof in position to overlie the band onthe web to a small extent.

22.- A method of making a building product which comprises-moving a webendwise, progressively aixing a band to one face' of the web, advancingapair of` spaced strips simultaneously from supplies thereof, andaffixing the strips to said face ofthe web, one at each side of saidband. v 23. A method of making a building product which comprisessimultaneously advanc-v.

ing aweb, a band of less width than the web, and spaced strips fromsupplies thereof, aiixing the band to one face of the web to bebetweenthe edges thereof, andaiixiug the strips to said face of the web one ateach side of the band and partially overlying the band.

.24. -Apparatus for producing a building product which comprises meanslfor drawing a web, a band narrower than the web, and a pair of spacedstrips simultaneously from suppliesthereof, means for progressivelyafiixing the band to one face of the web betweenthe edges thereof, andmeans for progressively aiixing the stripsto said face of the web, oneat each side of the band.

'In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.

CHARLES E. YATES. HARRY C. MACAN.

21. In apparatus of the type described, the 'l combination of means foradvancing a web, means for severing a stripl from each edge IIC

